What were fashion shows in Singapore like?
Hear from the key figures and players who shaped Singapore’s fashion industry.
Pat Kraal
MODEL
Transcript
“As a photo model, I did a lot of editorial work. But then what happens is that once I start becoming a show producer and becoming a stylist, and all the rest of it, that's where all my commercial work is with. So I'm doing commercials all the time, except I'm doing either print work or live commercial work. But I'm always a makeup artist, a stylist, a lighting person, a show producer, as opposed to the model. A lot of the modelling work I did was pure fashion, which is what I truly enjoy, which was in high fashion.
I was learning, every single thing I would watch, I would learn. I would then go to see if I was in London, and I was watching a show in the West End, I started watching it from a technical point of view, in that I would actually get up and walk around to see where the light was coming from and stuff like that. And the whole experience of the show for me was much more than just the performance that was going on, it was the back-of-house technical that became very important to me, and to see how it was done. Watching lighting in the ‘70s coming from the front, where you worked with blackouts, and then later on where lighting begins to work with what you call white-outs. So rather than going to blackout, they would blind you. And then something could happen on stage. So it was working in a different way. And they were all different things that I was learning all the time.
In the early days, everyone just goes and works. None of us really do modelling classes. There probably was some teaching backstage. So my sister, my younger sister also signs on her Carrie's and for a while is not very successful. Because it was also important what we did on the catwalk in an interview situation, or in a casting situation. Because if you never got the job, you never walk the catwalk. So my sister was struggling with getting the jobs. So I basically taught her how to work the catwalk in that casting situation, what to do, how to prepare yourself for it, what to say. And once she got that she never looked back. She becomes very, very successful. What I do is that in the ‘70s, in the early part of modelling, I never considered that I would need a course even. I then go on to produce shows. But later on Carrie Models starts giving their models classes, and I teach those classes. So a lot of the successful models from Carrie's, the older models, we would go in and we would teach courses. The groups of people that we taught would have been 12 or 14. And out of that 12 or 14 may be one, if they were lucky, or two from each class might go on to be a model.
The photographer that I used to love to work with was Willy Tang, and I loved the way he photographed me. I was photographed by many, many, many, many different photographers, but I believed it was how they saw you. And I liked the way they saw me, it's like why liked their photography, I think. The other one that I really loved was Nick Kamis. What I saw of his work was, he used to photograph for the New Nation and things like that. There would be a Miss Singapore and I saw a picture of Deborah de Souza that he did who was the Miss Singapore in the late ‘70s, early ‘80s. And a really incredible shot and afterward I was always very happy to be photographed by Nick. And there's a whole series of pictures that he did of me that are really fantastic. There's a guy called Alvin Chia, I think, I'm not entirely certain about his surname and haven't had the opportunity to ask Linda Teo of Carrie's. And what he did is he used to photograph me all the time. He used to come into the agency and find young models and photograph them, so that 1970s model card, all are photographed by him.
Judith starts Man in His Woman in the early ‘70s. I actually start going as a customer to her shop in 1973, ‘74, something like that. And I go in as a customer and then become a model for Man and His Woman later on. I then become a show producer for Man and His Woman. I then become a visual merchandiser for Man and His Woman. And I actually worked with her for many, many, many years, and continue till this day. And what I always did is if I worked as a model, I would say, 'I want those clothes, don't pay me.' And I would get more for my buck. And they will give it to me at a different price. In other words, and I did this right through my career where people would give me stuff.
When I'm creating a show, I actually see the whole thing and hear the whole thing before it's happened. How the girls walk, what's going to go on, I've actually seen it in my brain, and then I try to make it happen. The first thing I would have always seen is the clothes but sometimes, in Singapore, we would be creating a show, but the clothes wouldn't arrive until the day before the show. And I practically wouldn't see it. I would see photographs or drawings of it. So the inspiration had to come from elsewhere. What we were doing at that time, is like people like me and Dick and all that we're not really seeing shows it was all coming from us. How we did it, I have absolutely no idea. I was doing a show like that I would always stretch myself because we were the Singaporean people coming in to do the show and we were producing the show. The client was probably Singaporean bringing in the clothes. And I always wanted these shows to stand out above everything else.
There was a time when I was in the Philippines, the date can probably be worked out because it was the release of Carole King's album “Tapestry” (1971). And I saw this amazing, fantastic Filipino show. The clothes were Filipino, the models were Filipinos, and it was based on “Tapestry,” and it used the music of “Tapestry,” the year it was created. And I watched this show and this was one of the very, very earlier shows I saw that would inspire me for a very, very long time.
Show production was our role. So you decided what the run of clothes were, so that it told a story. And the music would tell the story as well. Show production, the visual lighting would tell a story as well. And then the models would be taught what they had to do for each time they were in a certain dress. And they may be on their own, they may be in a group or they may be doing a double. So there was a lot of stuff that went into all of this, how they walked fast, slow, exaggerated, not exaggerated all of that told the story.
I was never working on like a three-month, or, it was never that. I think, if anything, it was maybe in a two to three week period. Basically, I would be hired to do a show. I then start working with the company, with the designer. And I would go in and I would look at the entire collection that they wanted to show. I would then start putting them into a run for the show, of what would go into the show, what they wanted to show but also what I felt was right for the show. And I would then start creating it that way. They would then go through the process of casting all the models. And that could take a really long time. Getting the right people was never easy. Sometimes they would bring in models from abroad as well, which was, you know, even going back to the ‘70s that was already happening. But we were talking Malaysia, the Philippines, places like that. So there would be two things happening simultaneously: Getting the models, putting the clothes together. Once that happened, I will then create a run order, not exactly this dress, but this dress or there will be four dresses… the models would come in and fit it. I would then put the models in an order but would also be at the time creating the makeup look, the concept for the show, because each show had to be different all the time.
So when I started off in this row, I was called a choreographer. So the initial choreographer was brought in and the choreographer only decided how the models walked on the catwalk. The choreographer didn't actually have any input on the lineup of the clothes and that was all coming from the client and from somebody else, I begin to change that because I feel that I cannot produce a show that way.
It's not enough to get the whole thing done. The show had to be lit – and not lit by somebody else. It had to be my view of the show. So first of all, how the clothes came out and the lineup of the models and who the models were, were all are really important to me. And that's why I ended up being a show producer as opposed to a choreographer. But for me, it had to be from the very beginning. So, I needed to know what the invitation was looking like and had input into the invitation, because that's the first thing that the client sees. And then that would lead on to what you were going to see when you walk into the show. All of that was like, incredibly important to me. So it became a complete experience. It was almost like creating a show for the West End. And I took all of those things into account. But for a show that was only going out for half an hour, it could have been in a department store.
If I choreograph a show, I always cue it. And it just gives me control because I know what the music– I know the length of everything, and I have total control that way. I realised that even till today, I can judge how long it's going to take a girl to walk from backstage onto the stage out and back in.
When I did a show for Female Magazine for Marianne Pereira, Marianne had been in Paris, and she was trying to get the models to do choreography that she had imagined. And it was very exaggerated how they had to move, but it was all synced. And I saw that Marianne was having a really hard time getting the girls to understand what her vision was, and what she wanted. But I understood it from hearing her talk about it. And I said, 'Marianne, I believe that I can actually make it happen for you a lot easier, because I know how to teach it. I know how to make it happen. And I know the girls and what they are capable of, and I know what you want, and you're not seeming to get it over.' And you know what she said? 'Do it Brandon.' And I created her vision for her in a very, very short period of time in just that one-hour rehearsal that we had. And she was very, very thankful to me, and we go on to have a relationship with Female Magazine, and Marianne was the editor. And I did lots of work for them, both as stylist and creating the makeup and the hair for each picture.
We had to learn how to teach really quickly because there wasn't a lot of time. The greater the number of models, the more difficult it became. It didn't become easier for the choreographer, because we had to remember everything that everybody was doing for a 30 or 40-minute show.
At the time, music had to be mixed like DJs. So basically, we would have two decks, and we would decide, okay, this is the music for the first two minutes of the show. And then you would go into the next record playing. And basically it was fade onto the next track. And we were creating these tracks, I was never able to do it very well. And what I used to do was choose all the music I wanted. And then I ring up Dick Lee and say to Dick, 'Can I come over? And will you record this for me?' I would sit down with him, hand him all the records, and he would make the tape for me. And it was all on cassette tapes by this time. I remember that very much later on, I was doing a show for Link and Dick came to see it. The music was Broadway and he sat and he listened to it. And he said to me, 'Brandon, who mixed this tape for you?' Well, it wasn't tape, because we were working on CDs already. And I said, 'Dick, I did it.' And he said, 'But how did you do it? You were never that good at it.' And I said, 'Dick, we have computers nowadays and it's solved all those problems for me.
The app that I'm using to mix music, it was called Mixmeister. I go on to hand it on to other choreographers in Singapore who are struggling to do it. I was doing a fashion show for AdHoc in Singapore. The fashion show was being held at the Polo Club and the stage was in the horse thing. People sat around in a circle. The stage was in the shape of America because AdHoc did American designers. The DJ that was mixing the music live for me didn't show up, or for some reason wasn't there. And I looked into the audience and Rizal was sitting there. And I said, 'Rizal, will you run this thing for me?' And he said yes. And he went and he did a perfect job. And at the end of it, I went and thanked him and I said, 'Rizal, thank you so much for doing this.' And Rizal said, 'Thank you for giving me the opportunity to work with you.' And that to me was just so wonderful. I didn't even realise it.
On one occasion, there was a Missoni show that was going on in Singapore, and I really wanted to produce it or to be part of it, but I never got that opportunity. They chose somebody else. I went to the sound room to watch the show because I wanted to see the show. And in those days, the music was played reel to reel, it was tape, and the tape broke. And without thinking, I stepped up, took it off the rack, put it into the machine, spliced it and put it back on the rack and press the play button and suddenly realised it wasn't my job. Lisa Balia, who owned Missoni, was told about what happened and how it had come back online. And she actually thanked you very much for doing it.
So how light goes from one exposure to the next is also very important. So you have one girl on the catwalk, how she comes out and how she exits – so the lighting is working with that, the music is working with that, the movement is working with that, and then she has to go backstage get changed and come out as something else.
Say if a show ran for 20 minutes it might be in sections that are 16 dresses, 14 dresses, two dresses. And each time I would be creating stories for each of those exposures. But within each exposure, each 14 dresses, there would be 14 exposures. And I'd be working with models in groups or as single persons. And knowing what the models were capable of doing, I would be working with what their abilities were. So I could have a model that would be the greatest walk in the world. But to put her alone on the catwalk and just walked down it, she would have that extra factor to hold the attention of the room and give them incredible excitement just from her moving down the catwalk. So if she was there, I would actually build the show to a moment like that with her. The client would have their team working, who were the people that iron the clothes, hung them up. You would have backstage people, dressers. There were never that many models in a show that were maybe 10 or 12, we weren't working with 30 or 40, which is what you're doing today. Nowadays models only wear one outfit and walk the catwalk. In those days, it wasn't a case of three, you might be doing eight outfits or 10 outfits or 12 outfits. What we all learn as models to do is change at an incredible pace without anybody helping us. So I would actually be able to change in less than two minutes. And to be able to do it, it was just like a mad rush all the time. There was very little talking backstage, even at that time, because you couldn't. The only time I hear voice raised or whatever was when someone would need to be zipped up and there was nobody there. Because at the time, nobody really knew what they were doing. But it very, very quickly changes that you end up having one dresser to one model. And the number of changes start to drop, so that the model is maybe doing only four or five changes at a time.
Later on in life when I went on to become an art director-stylist on TV commercials in Singapore, I found that depending on what kind of performance was required, I would either choose an actress or a model. If I was doing something that required a lot of transformations, a model was better, because the model becomes the clothes whilst an actress doesn't. An actress becomes a character. And I've always found it easier, having been the model as well. Without even thinking of it, you put the clothes on us, we become the clothes.
I always dressed very fashionably. And I would go out with my friends and I would get comments about how I was dressed. But very quickly, they would realise that it was dressing appropriately for where you were going. I mean, I've always dressed to be looked at. Fashion is always how I wanted to be. But I've seen it go through generations of people from the ‘70s, my sisters, my mother, all their friends, and I don't know this is seeing it through my experience, but I've always seen it as people in Singapore wanting to be fashionable, wanting to be seen. It perhaps is today, it's all become very much more casual. I actually see it as something that Singapore embraced, when you see it from the view of National Day Parade and the costumes that went to it. And the people that designed those costumes that went into it. And at first it would have been at community centre level and all that, of course that changes over the years, but there was that element to it.
The other thing was that my father was the chairman of the Singapore Olympic Council and Sports. So when they had the SEAP games in Singapore, it became very vital what the clothes the people that gave out the gifts and the prizes and all of that, you know, the girls that came with the trays that had all the medals on it, and the people that carried the sign thing, Malaysia, Indonesia. I saw him going through a huge design project to actually do all of these things. So to say that fashion was not considered is not, not, not true. People I knew always wore fashion and I didn't know that some the tai tais of that time, what they were wearing, that they were wearing Lanvin, they were wearing... you know? It was all really quite something very, very special. And we're talking when I begin to understand it and it's the ‘70s.”
Transcript
“Fashion shows in Singapore in the ‘80s, we had the small – we used to call them the small – shows, which were shows we used to perform like in restaurants in clubs. And so we would be like, dessert, you know, we would come on after everyone has eaten when they're having dessert, we would walk around with the clothes. And people could buy the clothes on the spot. It was, 'Oh, I like this outfit.' So they would say, 'Okay, I want to buy this outfit.' Or they go straight to the boutique. And at night, we used to have midnight shows, we used to call them disco shows. And we would perform them on the dance floor, but those, we used to do with our eyes closed, we used to do them all the time. And then once in a while, we used to have the big shows, which were shows when the designers come down from their country like maybe Gianni Versace, he had a big show, and he came to Singapore, and we did the Versace show. Those were the big, big shows, which were very nice.
If we had like, lunch shows, like, you know, walking around tables while people are eating, and tea shows while people having tea we walk round the tables, like that, it was small, small shows, which didn't pay a lot. But you know, if you do four or five shows a day, it's not bad. So there was no, like, catwalk or anything. I mean, no podium. No stage. It was just walking around. And seriously, you just walk around, look at the clothes, look at the people eating, and whether they're looking at you or not, it's something else, so it was the way we earned our living in Singapore.
And all these boutiques would sponsor the shows. So they will provide the clothes. And sometimes instead of paying us we would get like, it was called like a contra. We could get maybe an outfit from the boutique or accessories or bags or whatever. We used to lug around these huge tote bags. There were like five, six pairs of heels in there, with a big box of earrings. So we had to, for most of the small shows, use our own accessories like shoes, stockings – at the time, we had to wear stockings – shoes, stockings, and earrings. And our make-up of course. So we had these huge, huge bags, plus the big portfolios.
For all these small shows, we never had rehearsals. We were doing them so often, that we would just go there with our huge bag of my shoes, accessories, all that. And then, I remember we had this one cassette which the agency made, the music. So we knew the music by heart. And then they would just put this cassette in, I don't know, the tape recorder at the disco. And we would be given a small, like, storeroom to change in. So there'll be maybe six to eight of us in that tiny small room. And we had a small rack and this was our clothing. But there were no rehearsals, no nothing. But we would just go out and have fun because after that we just stay at the discotheque and you know? Until three in the morning.
Once in a while that will be a big– like a designer will have a huge show, which was one of the big shows, so the designers would come like from Milan like Versace or something. They're always in the big hotels in the ballroom, there will be this big stage and everything. And those are the big, big shows, which were probably, I don't know, four or five times a year.
We had a lot of choreographed shows. The big shows were all choreographed. And people like Dick Lee used to choreograph our shows also. But he was very strict. When he choreographed a show it was like, we had all our notes, we used to stick on the back of the backdrop before the show. You see behind the backdrop, there were all these pieces of paper with scotch tape, because we had to memorise every single count. You know, a song has eight counts. Every eight count we would have had to do a different turn or different thing. We all used to walk together and we suddenly will turn together. That was all choreographed, it was like an exam, it was terrible. But like I said, a lot of work, but if you watch shows from that time, they were incredible.
Because of my height and being in Singapore, it was mostly runway. But of course, you do editorials like Her World and Cherry and Go and Female. Wasn't as often as the fashion shows. So those were like, maybe once a month or once every three weeks, there will be a shoot. So I mean, quite a lot also, but editorials never paid very well. It was just happy because you can get the pictures for your portfolio or your composite and you were happy to do a cover, or you know, editorial. For all the editorials, there was always a coordinator, somebody who would, like, say, 'Okay, I want you to stand like that, I want you to jump, put your hand in the pocket.' And there was always somebody to tell you in the beginning how to pose. After that, when you've done so many, they just left it, they will just, you know, do their thing and you just pose. And the photographer would also always help you.
In Singapore, we hardly did castings, because everyone knew who we were. Unless there was a big show, like I said, when a designer comes from another country, because they don't know the models, they want to see the models, so we had to walk. At the time, we had to wear high heels, dress very elegant, not like nowadays, lug along our huge, huge portfolios, full makeup, walk in front of the designer. And if they really liked you, they maybe would ask you to try an outfit on and then walk with the outfit. And then you wait for the call, either you're in or out, but actually, most of the time because they weren't a lot of tall models that time, most of the time we all – the taller girls – always got the fashion show anyway, you know.
But in Paris, castings were very different. Because you have to walk a lot, you know, in Paris, you walk a lot, so, of course, the portfolios were smaller, we had our composite cards. And same thing, same process, you go to the place, but I think we had our shoes in our bag because, with all those cobble paths and everything in Paris, it was impossible to wear heels. I think because I did mostly haute couture, high fashion, they always wanted the, you know, the hair back, like slicked in a bun, that kind of thing.
We were at an advantage because we had the classes, we sat for the classes and we knew how to walk. A lot of the models who came here just because they had the height and build had no experience at all. I remember, like, going to the agencies and the bookers were, like, just before casting, would like, 'Okay, you walk like this,' like, five-minute lesson and that's okay, go for your casting. And these were the bookers, not even models were teaching them.
Being a 19-year-old model was great, because we had so many perks being a model. We could go to any clubs for free, they would invite us to go to clubs, because they liked us models hanging around, you know, and people would say, 'Oh look the models are there.' So they would go to the club.
My experience in Carrie's – we were all like a very close-knit family. We always partied together, worked together. We all just had fun. And even when we had those big shows I was talking about – that one we had lots and lots of rehearsals for the big shows – and they would hire of course models from all the agencies. There was Elsa Yeo, Mannequin, Imp. And we all got along, there was no jealousy, there was no rivalry, you know, we all got along, which is really good. Which is not the same thing in Paris because everyone, you know, first-one-first-serve kind of thing, the best one will get the job done, you know, so there was a lot of jealousy and rivalry. I mean, there were, of course, very, very nice girls, but there were a few who were not so very nice. I think they really took very good care of us. They pushed me, definitely kept pushing me to come and work in Paris, but I remember at that time nobody actually had to work out or diet. We were all just very slim, you know!”
Brandon Barker
FASHION SHOW PRODUCER AND FORMER MODEL
Rizal Ahyar
Fashion show producer
Transcript
“I used to know the bosses Dick Lee and his partner Alan Koh even before I joined them, because while I was still in pre-university, I was also a bit naughty lah, party around a little bit, you know, and then got to know these people. And then while at that period when I was waiting for my end results, and I got it, Alan Koh actually offered me a job. He thought that I had some potential to produce events. He sold me the idea, I got very excited. So I said, why not give it a try? And during that time, when I first joined the company Dick Lee was not even in Singapore, he was away. So when I joined the company, on my first day at work, there was only Alan and then three other staff, total there were only five people in the company. And strangely enough, within three days that I joined, I had to do one event. It was a relaunch programme for Nescafe. I think it was Nescafe Deluxe, I can't remember, honestly, it was so long ago. I mean, it was more like a musical performance show. I had to sort of choreograph and direct the show with dancers, performers. I mean, it was something that literally I had to try and figure out myself, but somehow it came out very successful. So I got very excited. There was a little bit of a confidence boost for me. But from there, I seem to dare to want to try to dare to learn more, and try more things. So after that, the bosses came back and I started doing more things.
And now of course, when we came back to Singapore, we started doing a series of fashion shows, like the very first fashion show was for the fashion society called SODA. It was very, very big. It was not just like a fashion show for the trade, for buyers. There were a lot of guests attending. So there was a bit more drama. Through those kinds of shows and eventually other shows, I also learned about how to see the different points of view of putting up a fashion show, from how it looks like from the front, taking the idea of, even if you're the last person sitting at the back of the room, would you be enjoying the show? How to pace a show, and how to put together the look, the tone and manner, the style of it. So that was progressively how I learned and I grew.
Everybody did everything. Of course, yeah, I mean, I was the– from being assistant show director, became the show director, and choreographing; certain shows I choreographed. There were also shows that I had to direct but they were more dance-based. While I would have the idea and the concepts, I would actually hire a dance choreographer to work closely with me to conceptualise certain aspects of the show to give it a bit more of an entertainment value or a thematic connection. Eventually, I became more like the show director that you know me today as well as show producer.
Especially when I started to venture out on my own, I started to do more luxury brands. For example, I was very fortunate, I had the support of some of these companies, that gave me the opportunity to do a lot of their brands, a lot like multi-brand stores like the Club 21 Group. I did a lot of their fashion shows and their fashion events and their parties and whatever events that they would do. So they gave me many opportunities to try and be creative. And not just to do the shows. But sometimes I have to work with the merchandising and their core team to conceptualise ideas, you know, because it may not be a fashion show, it may be an installation. It might be just an exhibition. But how do we make it interesting? It's to connect the dots. So the collaborations started to become more complex. But it got more interesting lah.
In the ‘80s, of course, there were some brands that we worked with, like for example, we would do with Versace. I mean, during that time Versace was very big. So we would do quite dramatic shows. I mean, like for example, when they opened the very first Versus. Versus was the second line for Versace during that time, we did a huge party, very dramatic. That was the time of the start of the supermodels and all that, you know what I mean? It was all about the visuals and the bold branding. We did shows like that as well in an awkward place like the basement of Takashimaya, you know, in the atrium square. We actually built a very dramatic stage that could go up and down, things like that.
We did work with luxury brands during that time as well. That's why I say, even from the late ‘80s to, I mean, even more so in the ‘90s. Because by the time I started work, it was already close to the end of the ‘80s. It was probably ‘87 that I started to ‘86 or ‘87. So I mean, of course I started doing local things and so on and then the luxury brands, probably from the early ‘90s. That was also the boom time of luxury brands in Singapore to start kind of go all out.
Like under Runway Productions, we used to also work with this lady, her name is Judith Chung. She used to own Man and His Woman, Issey Miyake and all that during that time and we used to do their parties as well. So I mean there was a lot of luxury brands at the start but not in the scale of what it was in the recent years lah. But I do remember that she had a brand called Byblos. Byblos was like one of those Italian brands in the either very late ‘80s or early ‘90s, where we did a massive, massive event. It was held in Sentosa, literally from the jetty point all the way to the Musical Fountain, there were installations; there were still installations with mannequins and live installation of the models and so on. During that time, a show with 60 models would be considered huge. And it was held at the Musical Fountain. It was such a big event simply by the square area that we use in the space. From the jetty to the Musical Fountain at that time was a lot of empty spaces. That was one of the big fashion shows that we did. And it was not just the retail, it was literally the entire collection that was flown in; part exhibition, part installation, and part fashion show.
I think starting from the ‘90s, there seemed to be more interest in luxury brands in Singapore, because I think the opportunities just came up more during that period lah. There are certain times of the year where it's busier than others. And during that time, we still had Singapore Fashion Week. And I did quite a lot of the Singapore Fashion Week events. And if you were involved with Singapore Fashion Week alone, for example, it would happen over four days or five days, but in the one day, there would be at least six shows, or at least minimum, four to five of the more standard shows in the malls, followed by one big show in the evening, which is more dramatic, not necessarily in the format of a fashion show, or if it's a fashion show it’s something of a much greater scale, more dramatic, more visual, or another one could be more like fashion awards night or something like that. But it will be one whole week of busy events. And usually sometimes when that happens, if, for example, if it's held in a mall or outside a mall, very often, there will be brands that also exist within the mall, may want to do their other shows as well. So it may suddenly be super busy. That week you may have at least 10 shows to 12 shows to do. But of course some weeks are very quiet, but you spend those days to prepare.
If you're looking at doing a show that you need to think of a space, the stage and everything, you probably need at least three months. Because, number one, you need to think of how big is your event going to be? So based on that, you have to find locations. Location is everything, I mean, especially for standalone shows, they really want to try and convey a certain identity or a theme or a certain DNA that makes your show relevant. In Singapore, space is constantly a problem. We have very standard spaces like ballrooms and exhibition halls, that kind of thing, or hotel function rooms, but those things are very much in the ‘80s and ‘90s. These days, they're trying to find things that give you a more unique experience, something more immersive as well. So you need to locate the place, and then you need to book it. So that takes time. And once you do that, the next thing you want to do is, how big is this event? So you need to start planning; planning the design, the set-up, the whole concept. Then the next thing is developing it with the sound and lighting. So that is the technical aspect. The next part of it is for you to think about how you want to present the show from the models. So what are you trying to say with your models? Of course, when everything's been sorted out then in the next one and a half months prior to the event you start building up on all the developments, working out the details, how you want to sit, how you want to do the guest experience when they walk in? Is there something else happening? Or they just have cocktails or they go straight to the room? It depends. Is this event purely for media or is it for your customers? Especially for customers there needs to be a little bit more of entertainment whether you provide food and drinks or something, you know, it could be anything. As far as the models are concerned, we'll go further into the details of conceptualise the makeup and the hair, get the team ready. Sometimes they need to do makeup and hair tests. And then we usually can't fit the clothes very early, probably within the week of the event, when things get even more intense and then you do a further model casting, hopefully we get even better models that come in. And you have to start negotiating with the agencies, cancellations, double bookings or missing models. And then of course, do the fittings and the rehearsals. All of that lah.”